Strings and Numbers

Strings

my_empty_string = ""
my_string = "Hello"
print(my_string)

Present string in title, lower, or uppercase

full_name = "bob smith"
print(full_name.title()) # also .lower(), .upper()

Remove whitespace or text from beginning or end

my_spacey_string = "   Hello "
print(my_spacey_string.strip()) # also .lstrip() and .strip()
my_url = "http://www.acme.com"
print(my_url.removeprefix('https://')) # also removesuffix

Use f-strings to insert variables into strings

my_name = "bob"
print(f"Hello, {my_name.title()}!")

Numbers

my_number = 8
print(my_number)

2 + 3                    # add
3 - 2                    # subtract
2 * 3                    # multiply
3 / 2                    # divide
(2+3)*4                  # set priority with brackets
3 % 2                    # modulo - output the remainder after division
 
3 ** 2                   # 3-squared
3 ** 3                   # 3-cubed
10 ** 6                  # 10 to the power of 6

10_000_000               # use underscores to make numbers more legible

MAX_CONNECTIONS = 5_000  # use all-caps to indicate constants

X, y, z = 0, 0, 0        # To initialize multiple variables in one line, use commas:

Cast Variables to Specific Types

my_number = "1".         # As it is in quotes, set to a string
x = int(my_number)       # convert to an integer
x = float(my_number)     # convert to a float
x = string(my_number)    # convert to a string