Science

Science, can be broadly categorized into three major groups:  

Natural Sciences

• Physics - The foundation of all natural sciences, exploring fundamental concepts like matter, energy, motion, force, space, and time, and including subfields such as:
  • Classical mechanics (motion of objects)  
  • Thermodynamics (heat and energy)  
  • Electromagnetism (electricity and magnetism)  
  • Optics (light and its behavior)  
  • Quantum mechanics (behavior of subatomic particles)  
  • Astrophysics (physics of the universe)  
• Chemistry - Investigates the composition, structure, properties, and changes of matter, studying atoms, molecules, and their interactions, and including subfields such as:
  • Organic chemistry (carbon-containing compounds)  
  • Inorganic chemistry (non-carbon compounds)  
  • Biochemistry (chemistry of living organisms)  
• Biology - The study of living organisms and their vital processes, exploring life forms from microorganisms to complex ecosystems, and including subfields such as:  
  • Botany (plant biology)  
  • Zoology (animal biology)  
  • Microbiology (microscopic organisms)  
  • Genetics (heredity and variation)  
  • Ecology (interactions between organisms and their environment)  
• Earth Science - Examines the Earth's physical and chemical composition, its history, and the processes that shape it, and including subfields such as:
  • Geology (study of rocks, minerals, and the Earth's structure)  
  • Oceanography (study of the oceans)  
  • Meteorology (study of the atmosphere and weather)  
  • Climatology (study of long-term weather patterns)  
    • Seismology (study of earthquakes)  
    • Paleontology (study of fossils and ancient life)  
  • Astronomy - The study of celestial objects and phenomena, exploring stars, planets, galaxies, and the universe as a whole, and including subfields such as:  
  • Astrophysics (physics of the universe)  
  • Cosmology (origin and evolution of the universe)  

Formal Sciences

• Mathematics - The abstract study of numbers, shapes, structures, and relationships, and including subfields such as algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and many more.
• Logic - The systematic study of valid reasoning and argumentation.
• Computer Science - The study of computation, including algorithms, data structures, programming languages, and the design of computer systems.  

Social Sciences

• Psychology - The scientific study of the mind and behavior, exploring human cognition, emotion, and social interaction.  
• Sociology - The systematic study of human societies, including their origins, structures, interactions, and development.  
• Anthropology - The study of human societies and cultures, including their history, beliefs, customs, and social organization.  
• Economics - The study of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.  
• Political Science - The study of government, political systems, and political behavior.  
• History - The study of past events, including human societies, cultures, and civilizations.